The glass frogs belong to the amphibian family Centrolenidae. While the general background coloration of most glass frogs is primarily lime green, the abdominal skin of some members of this family is transparent and translucent, giving the glass frog its common name. The internal viscera, including the heart, liver, and gastrointestinal tract, are visible through the skin. When active their blood makes them visible; when sleeping most of the blood is concealed in the liver, hiding them. Glass frogs are arboreal, living mainly in trees, and only come out for mating season. Their transparency conceals them very effectively when sleeping on a green leaf, as they habitually do.
Cochranella is a genus of glass frogs, family Centrolenidae. They are found in Central America from Honduras southward to the Amazonian and Andean cloud forests of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia.
Centrolene huilensis is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is endemic to Colombia and only known from the region of its type locality near Isnos, on the Cordillera Central in the Huila Department.
Cochranella litoralis is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is known from the Pacific lowlands of southwestern Colombia and northern Ecuador. The specific name litoralis refers to the proximity of the type locality to the sea.
"Centrolene" medemi is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. The species occurs in the Cordillera Oriental in the Tolima, Caquetá, and Putumayo Departments in Colombia and adjacent Napo in Ecuador. The generic placement of this species within the subfamily Centroleninae is uncertain. The specific name medemi honors Fred Medem, collector of the holotype. Common name Medem giant glass frog has been coined for it.
Centrolene notosticta is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is found on the Cordillera Oriental in Colombia and on its extension to north, Serranía del Perijá, in the Zulia state in Venezuela.
Nymphargus chami is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae, formerly placed in Cochranella. It is endemic to Colombia where it occurs on the Cordillera Occidental in the Antioquia and Risaralda departments.
Nymphargus cristinae is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae, formerly placed in Cochranella. It is endemic to Colombia where it is only known near its type locality on the western slope of the Cordillera Occidental in Urrao, Antioquia. Its natural habitat is sub-Andean primary forest. It occurs on vegetation next to streams with canopy cover over the stream. Its conservation status is unclear but habitat degradation and loss caused by cattle raising, timber extraction, and cultivation of illegal crops are major threats.
"Cochranella" duidaeana, commonly known as the Duida Cochran frog, is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is endemic to Cerro Duida, Venezuela. The generic placement of this species within the subfamily Centroleninae is uncertain.
Nymphargus garciae is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae, formerly placed in Cochranella. It is endemic to the eastern slopes of the Cordillera Central, Colombia. Its natural habitat is vegetation alongside streams in sub-Andean and Andean forests. It requires gallery forest for reproduction, and is therefore very sensitive to disturbance of this kind of habitat. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Nymphargus nephelophila is a species of frogs in the family Centrolenidae, formerly placed in Cochranella. It is endemic to the Caquetá Department, Colombia, where it is known from the eastern versant of the Cordillera Oriental near Florencia. Its natural habitat is vegetation near streams in cloud forest, including secondary forest. Habitat loss is a threat to this species, but it is too little known to assess its conservation status.
Nymphargus oreonympha is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae, formerly placed in Cochranella. It is endemic to Colombia where it occurs on the Cordillera Oriental in Florencia, the Caquetá Department. Its natural habitat is cloud forest, including secondary forest, where it occurs on vegetation near streams. Its conservation status is unclear.
Nymphargus posadae is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae, formerly placed in Cochranella. It inhabits the eastern slopes of the Andes of Colombia, Ecuador, and northeastern Peru. It is reasonably common in Colombia but rare in Ecuador.
Cochranella resplendens is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is found in the upper Amazon Basin in southwestern Colombia, eastern Ecuador, northern Peru, and Bolivia. There are also isolated records from the Cordillera Central in Antioquia, Colombia, and Amapá in northern Brazil. The specific name resplendens is derived from the Latin verb resplendo and hints to the jewel-like appearance of this frog. It is sometimes known as the resplendent Cochran frog or resplendent glassfrog.
"Cochranella" riveroi is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is endemic to Cerro Aracamuni, Venezuela. The generic placement of this species within the subfamily Centroleninae is uncertain.
Nymphargus rosada is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae, formerly placed in Cochranella. It is endemic to Colombia where it is known from the eastern slopes of the Cordillera Central. Its natural habitats are sub-Andean forests alongside streams. It is threatened by habitat fragmentation and loss caused by agricultural expansion, timber extraction, and water pollution.
Nymphargus ruizi is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae, formerly placed in Cochranella. It is endemic to Colombia where it is known from the western slopes of the Cordillera Occidental and the eastern slopes of the Farallones de Cali. Its natural habitats are sub-Andean forests next to streams. It is threatened by habitat loss caused by agricultural expansion, logging, human settlement, and water pollution.
Nymphargus spilotus is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae, formerly placed in Cochranella. It is endemic to Colombia where it occurs on the Cordillera Central in Samaná, the Caldas Department. Its natural habitat is sub-Andean forest where it occurs on vegetation alongside streams. Its conservation status is unclear.
Centroleninae is one of two subfamilies of the family Centrolenidae. It has nine genera distributed in Central America from Honduras south and east to northern and central South America. As of mid 2015, it contains 117 species.
Centrolene savagei is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae that is endemic to the Andes of western Colombia, specifically the Cordillera Occidental and Cordillera Central. Its common name is Savage's Cochran frog.
